It happened on this day, January 13
Events:
532 – Nika riots break out in Constantinople.
1842 – Dr William Brydon, assistant surgeon in the British East India Company army during the First Anglo-Afghan War, becomes famous as the sole survivor of an army of 4,500 men and 12,000 camp followers when he reached the safety of his garrison in Jalalabad, Afghanistan.
1559 – Queen Elizabeth I is installed as Queen of England at Westminster Abbey in London.
1610 – Galileo discovers Jupiter's fourth moon using a telescope, 6 days after discovering the first three moons.
1785 – The first issue of the London newspaper The Times is published by British journalist John Walter. It was called the Daily Universal Register, but it was renamed The Times in 1788.
1794 – The American Congress modifies the flag of the United States and makes it 15 stars and 15 stripes.
1822 – Greek independence.
1830 – A major fire in New Orleans, United States, is believed to be caused by rebellious slaves.
1840 – The ship Lexington burns and sinks four miles off the coast of Long Island, killing 197 people.
1893 – Formation of the Independent Labor Party in Great Britain.
1894 – Government forces crush a revolution in Sicily, Italy.
1902 – Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud wins the Battle of Riyadh and announces the creation of the third Saudi state.
1908 – Frenchman Henri Farman becomes the first pilot in Europe to make a short one-kilometer flight in an airplane and return to the starting point.
1915 – British First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill presents his plan for the attack on the Ottoman Dardanelles during World War I.
💥 An earthquake in Allezzano, Italy, measuring 7.5 on the Richter scale, kills more than 29,000 people and is one of the most dangerous earthquakes in the world.
1919 – Prince Ali bin Hussein recaptures the Emirate of Medina.
1924 – Announcement of the victory of the Wafd party in the first legislative elections in Egypt.
1930 – First appearance of the Mickey Mouse cartoon series.
1942 – The Allies hold a conference to discuss the hardships of World War II and issue the Declaration of Saint James.
1943 – British Prime Minister Winston Churchill arrives in Casablanca, Morocco, as part of his travels during World War II.
💥 German leader Adolf Hitler declares total war on the Allies.
1953 – The Constitution is proclaimed in Yugoslavia and Marshal Josip Broz Tito is chosen as president.
1954 – Egyptian security authorities arrest 318 members of the Muslim Brotherhood.
1958 – 9,000 scientists from 43 countries demand that the United Nations ban nuclear testing.
1964 – Cairo hosts the first Arab summit conference, which lasts four days and was held at the invitation of Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser to discuss Israeli measures on the Syrian front.
💥 Anti-Muslim riots in Calcutta, India, resulted in the deaths of 100 people.
1966 – U.S. President Lyndon Johnson selects Robert Weaver, the first black candidate in U.S. history, to join his presidential team.
1966 – The United States conducts a nuclear test at a test site in the Nevada desert.
1967 – A military coup in Togo results in the abolition of political parties.
1979 – Ayatollah Khomeini announces in Paris the formation of the Supreme Council of the Islamic Revolution with the aim of overthrowing the Shah of Iran, Muhammad Reza Pahlavi.
💥 Members of the Temple Mount Trustees movement stormed the Al-Aqsa Mosque, accompanied by Rabbi Moshe Shegel and some leaders of the Hathiya movement, and wanted to pray there while waving the Israeli flag and wearing books of the Torah.
1980 – The Constitution comes into force in Togo.
1985 – Assassination of the press attaché at the Libyan embassy in Rome, Faraj Omar Al-Mukhaymoun, by an unknown person.
1986 – A bloody civil war breaks out in Aden and most parts of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen between the two main wings of the Yemeni Socialist Party.
💥 Israel accepts arbitration on the issue of Taba, whose sovereignty is disputed with Egypt.
1987 – West German police arrest Muhammad Ali Hammadi, accused of participating in the hijacking of TWA Airlines Flight 847 from Athens to Beirut and the murder of an American serving in the Navy.
1989 – A computer virus called “Friday the 13th” infects hundreds of computers across the United Kingdom.
1990 – Virginia Governor Douglas Wilder takes office. He became the first African-American state governor in United States history.
💥 23 people were killed in the crash of a Russian airliner.
1991 – United Nations Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuellar meets with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein in Baghdad to prevent the outbreak of war in the Gulf due to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.
💥 Soviet forces attack the city of Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania, to stop its independence.
💥 A British fighter plane crashed in the Persian Gulf and its pilot was killed.
1992 – Japan apologizes to Korea for sexual assault by its soldiers against women during World War II.
1995 – The largest Algerian party, which represented more than 80% of voters in the elections
1991 He holds a conference in the Italian capital, Rome, and announces the National Contract which prevents access to or maintenance of power through violence and stipulates a political solution to the Algerian crisis. However, the Algerian authorities rejected the declaration, which the signatories were the signatories. banned the Islamic Salvation Front and considered this an internationalization of the problem.
1999 – An Israeli officer was killed and another injured in a clash with a cell belonging to the Izz al-Din al-Qassam brigades near the village of al-Samu', near Hebron.
2000 – A 25-year-old Israeli student is arrested for threatening to kill himself with a knife at the entrance to the Knesset after a fight in which a police officer was injured.
💥 Austrian authorities arrest Halima Nimr, allegedly the financial manager of the Fatah movement/Revolutionary Council led by Sabri Al-Banna/Abu Nidal, after she attempted to withdraw a large sum from a frozen bank account in Vienna.
2001 – In El Salvador, an earthquake measuring 7.7 on the Richter scale kills 844 people, injures 4,723, destroys 108,226 homes and damages more than 150,000 buildings.
2014 – Real Madrid's Portuguese player, Cristiano Ronaldo, wins the 2013 FIFA Ballon d'Or for the second time in its history.
2016 – Parliamentarian Khadija Oraib was elected Speaker of the Dutch Parliament, becoming the first Arab and Muslim woman to hold the position.
2021 – The United States House of Representatives accuses Donald Trump of inciting rebellion, in a second impeachment case, making him the first American president to be impeached twice.
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Births:
1864 – Wilhelm Wien, German physicist who won the Nobel Prize in physics in 1911.
1900 – Hussein Riad, Egyptian actor.
1910 – Shawqi Deif, Egyptian writer and linguist.
1918 – Rawhiya Khaled, Egyptian actress.
1920 – Mounir Murad, Egyptian composer.
1927 – Sidney Branner, South African biologist, Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2002.
1929 – Adeeb Al-Hafiz, Jordanian actor.
1935 – Bahaa Taher, Egyptian novelist.
1937 – John Turtle, Australian physician.
1938 – Nachi Nozawa, Japanese actor.
1948 – Afrah Abbas, Iraqi actress.
1955 – Medhat El Adl, Egyptian writer and poet.
1961 – Julia Louis-Dreyfus, American actress.
1964 – Muhammad Al-Abd Al-Jader, Kuwaiti politician and academic.
1966 – Patrick Dempsey, American actor.
1969 – Amal Rizk, Egyptian actress.
1972 – Mark Bosnich, Australian rules football goalkeeper.
1975 – Sherine Hattab, Saudi actress.
1976 – Abdullah Al-Juhani, Saudi Quran reciter.
1976 – Michael Pena, American actor.
1977 – Orlando Bloom, English actor.
1980 – Maria de Viota, Spanish Formula 1 driver.
1980 – Dora, Tunisian actress.
** Akira Kaji, Japanese footballer.
1981 – Amrita Arora, Indian actress.
1982 – Guillermo Correa, Argentine tennis player.
** Nour Qadri, Egyptian actress.
1983 – Imran Khan, Indian actor.
1987 – Alaa Wardi, Saudi musician.
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Death:
888 – Charles III, king of the Franks and ruler of the Carolingian Empire.
1902 – Ajlan bin Muhammad Al-Ajlan, Emir of Riyadh.
1906 – Alexander Popov, Russian physicist.
1923 – Alexandre Ribot, French Prime Minister.
1928 – Thomas Hardy, English novelist and poet.
1941 – James Joyce, Irish writer and poet.
1958 – Abdullah Abdul Latif Al Omair, Shafi'ite jurist and Saudi poet.
1986 – Abdel Fattah Ismail, President of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.
1995 – Abdul-Sahib Al-Dujaili, Iraqi writer and poet.
1997 – Madiha Kamel, Egyptian actress.
2003 – Najah Al-Abdullah, Syrian actress.
** Raad Abdul Qadir, Iraqi poet.
** Razouk Faraj Razouk, Iraqi university professor and poet.
2007 – Salama Al-Abdullah, Saudi singer.
2009 – Mansour Rahbani, Lebanese musician.
2010 – Khalifa Al-Talisi, Libyan writer and poet.
** Isamu Tanonaka, Japanese voice actor.
** Ali Al-Marhoon, Saudi jurist, writer and poet.
2012 – Raouf Denktash, President of Northern Cyprus.
** Milan Milanic, Serbian football coach.
2014 – Anjali Devi, Indian actress.
2020 – Murat Hoffmann, German Muslim thinker and diplomat.
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Holidays and Occasions:
⏪ New Year's Eve according to the Julian calendar and Eastern Orthodox churches.
⏪ Amazigh New Year’s Eve.
