Repealed and abrogated in the Quran and Sunnah ✍️ Adel Asoum
Many of us are not aware of this important knowledge, and it is one of the important knowledge for a Muslim because it depends on the Holy Book of God, and this effort of mine is especially aimed at the teachers of Islamic education, because I have found that some of them are not as passionate about its details as they are about the rest of the sciences of the Holy Quran, and it is more beneficial for the young men and women whom God has chosen to love the Quran and its recitation.
I say, and God bless you:
The copy is limited to the period when the Holy Quran was revealed as an astrologer during the lifetime of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace only, and there is no copy after that.
Abrogation in Islam can be compared to what a doctor does. The patient visits him and changes his medication repeatedly until he recovers. (And God Almighty is the highest example), because God Almighty modifies the rules of legislation taking into account the condition of those responsible.
Repeal does not enter into beliefs or current events, but only applies to decisions.
The Quran was revealed to the people and abolished many wrong customs and customs, including that God Almighty set the waiting period at one year, and after a period of time when the matter was settled, God Almighty set the waiting period at four months and ten, in order to know the innocence of the womb; Because the fetus is formed in four months, and ten days are a precaution so that it feels movement. The same applies to alcohol. The Arabs drank alcohol and did not think that one day they would give it up. God Almighty first prohibited alcohol near prayer times and said: {O you who have believed, do not approach prayer when you are intoxicated} 43 women, so alcohol was prohibited near prayer times, but after dinner, whoever wanted to drink would drink, until the word of God was revealed God Almighty: {So avoid it that you may succeed} 90 Al-Ma’idah, so wine became forbidden day and night.
Copy in the language means to delete, but also to move something from one place to another.
And repeal in terminology:
Strengthen Sharia law with discourse on Sharia law.
Abrogator is used to refer to God Almighty, as God Almighty says: {We do not abrogate any verse nor cause it to be forgotten. We bring something better than that or something similar. Do you not know that God has power over all things?} 106 Al-Baqarah, also called the verse and what is called the abrogation, It is said: This verse abrogates such and such a verse, and the judgment abrogates another regulation.
And what is abrogated is the supreme power.
The copying continued until God revealed to our Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, shortly before his death:
{Today I have perfected your religion for you, I have completed my favor upon you and I have chosen Islam as your religion for you} Al-Ma’idah 3
There is no abrogation after this verse.
The abrogation is not just in the verses.
It is possible for a prophetic hadith to abrogate a verse (and this is what some of us do not know).
Or a verse that abrogates a prophetic hadith.
Or a prophetic hadith that cancels another prophetic hadith.
Almighty God says about the abrogation:
{We never abolish a verse or make it forgotten. We bring something better than that or something similar. Do you not know that God has power over all things?} 106 Al-Baqarah
And God Almighty says: {And when We substitute one sign for another sign, and God knows best what He sends down} Surah An-Nahl 101
Regarding the prophetic hadiths, God Almighty says:
{And whatever the Messenger has given you, take it, and whatever he has forbidden you, abstain from it} Al-Hashr 7.
And God Almighty said: {But, by your Lord, they will not believe until they have made you judge of what opposes them} Surah An-Nisa 65.
If the Quran were revealed comprehensively and the Messenger interpreted and clarified it, he would be in the same position as the recited Quran in terms of consideration. Likewise, repeal is the same.
This appears in the judgment on the will towards an heir.
Allah Almighty said: {It is prescribed for you, when death approaches one of you, if he leaves behind any property, to leave a bequest to parents and relatives, in a reasonable manner.} Surah Al-Baqarah 180.
This verse is abrogated by the words of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace: “There is no bequest to an heir.”
Then the verse about inheritance abrogated it.
An example of a prophetic hadith that abrogated a hadith before this one are the hadiths that mentioned the permission of temporary marriage, but they were abrogated by other authentic and clear hadiths, including: the hadith of Salama bin Al-Akwa’, may God be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, permitted mut’ah in the year of Awtas three times, then banned it. Reported by Muslim.
Knowing what is repealed and repealed is of great importance to scholars, including lawyers, fundamentalists, and commentators, so that decisions are not mixed up. Therefore, many effects have led to its knowledge. It was reported that Ali, may God be pleased with him, went before a judge and said to him: Do you know the abrogated of the abrogated? He said: No, then he said: I have perished and been destroyed.
The meaning of these words is that every Muslim judge must know all the subjects of abrogation in the Quran and Sunnah, and abrogation has important conditions and details, which are:
To be repealed, the repealed decision must be legal.
The evidence for the decision’s elevation should be legal speech that is more lax (i.e., later) than the speech whose decision was abrogated.
The letter from which the decision has been filed must not be limited to a specific period, otherwise the decision expires at the end of its period and it is not considered a copy.
Abrogation occurs (only) in (the commandments and prohibitions) as we explained at the beginning, whether it is explicit in the request, or whether it is in the predicate word, which means commandment or prohibition. It is stipulated that this should not be related to beliefs that refer to the essence of Almighty God, His attributes, His books, His messengers and the Last Day, or to moral etiquette, or to the principles of worship and relationships, for not all laws are devoid of these principles and they are agreed upon. To you and to what We enjoined upon Abraham, Moses and Jesus: “Establish religion and do not be divided in it.” (Al-Shura 13)
Repealing explicit news that does not mean a demand, such as a promise or threat, is also not valid.
We can know the copyist and the abrogated in the following ways:
The first: That the wording of the text contains something which expressly indicates this:
An example of this is in the wording of the verse: {O Prophet, incite the believers to fight. If there are twenty among you who are steadfast, they will defeat two hundred, and if there are a hundred, they will defeat a thousand disbelievers, for they are a people who do not understand.} 65 Al-Anfal.
This verse was followed by a verse that was repealed, which is: “Now God has taken it lightly for you, and he knows that there is weakness among you. So if there are a hundred of you who are patient, they will overcome two hundred, and if there are a thousand of you, they will overcome two thousand, God willing, and God is with the patient.” 66 Al-Anfal.
Second: that there is evidence in the context of the text that indicates this:
As was mentioned in his word, prayers and peace of God be upon him: (Take me, take me away. God has prepared a way for them: virgin for virgin, a hundred lashes and a year’s banishment, and male for male, a hundred lashes and stoning). Our Prophet, may the prayers and peace of God be upon him and his family, referred in this hadith to the abrogation of the regulation on the imprisonment of adulterers in houses mentioned in the saying of the Almighty: The houses, even death will take away or God will open a way for them.} 15 An-Nisa.
Thus, scholars agree that the hadith of the Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace, can abrogate the noble verse of the Book of God.
Third: To find out the date of earlier and later dates:
The latter in its legislation abrogates the previous one, as is the case for the abrogation of the Qiblah from Jerusalem to the Kaaba.
What is useful in this is: distinguishing the precedent in its revelation by knowing the Meccan and the Medinan in the verse of the Holy Quran.
This is also related to the Noble Sunnah: which decisions of unknown date were found in opposition to the decisions that occurred late in the farewell pilgrimage or after it until the death of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace; Whatever decision is made during or after the dispute, it repeals what the history of which is not known.
Surah Al-Baqarah – which is Medina – has twenty-six places for abrogation.
Here are some examples:
The first verse in this regard is the word of the Almighty: {Indeed, those who believe and those who are Jews…} Verse 26
Abrogated, and abrogated, is the saying of the Almighty: {And whoever desires a religion other than Islam, it will not be accepted for him} 85 Al Imran.
The second verse: God Almighty says: {And tell the people… well} 83 Al-Baqarah. Repealed, and its abrogation is the verse of the sword, which is the word of the Almighty: {Slay therefore the polytheists wherever you find them…} 5 Repentance
The third verse: The Almighty says: {So forgive and overlook until God fulfills His command…} 109 Al-Baqarah
Repealed, and abrogated by the word of His Almighty: {Fight against those who believe not in God nor in the Last Day…} at the word of His Almighty: {Until they pay the tribute from the outset while they were submissive} 29 Repentance.
This is what is possible to (summarize and bring) this knowledge to people, and whoever wants to expand it can learn more from many books of the elders, including Al-Qurtubi, Al-Suyuti and Al-Shawkani, may God have mercy on them, and some of them are prominent scholars among the veterans, and they are more suitable for young people, including:
Verses abrogated from the Holy Quran by Sheikh Abdullah bin Muhammad Al-Amin Al-Shanqeeti.
Enlightenment of the Quran clarification statement with the Quran of Al-Shanqeeti.
Abrogation in the Holy Quran – a critical historical legislative study – by Professor Dr. Mustafa Zaid.
Oh my God, help us to learn your religion, which you have chosen for us, and forgive us.
