It happened on this day, May 18
events:
756 – He pledges allegiance to Abd al-Rahman bin Muawiyah bin Hisham bin Abd al-Malik, founder of the Umayyad caliphate in Andalusia.
1291 – The Mamluks take control of the city of Acre after expelling the crusaders.
1803 – The United Kingdom declares war on France due to Napoleon Bonaparte's interference in the affairs of Italy and Switzerland.
1804 – Napoleon Bonaparte is installed as Emperor of France.
1899 – The “First Hague Peace Conference” was held in the presence of 26 countries. Participants agreed to resolve disputes peacefully and determined the laws of war.
1910 – The Earth passes into its orbit by the tail of Halley's comet.
1920 – The Battle of Acid took place between the forces of Sheikh Salem Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah, led by Daij bin Salman Al-Sabah, and the Brotherhood, led by Faisal bin Sultan Al-Dawish, in Acid, to the north of the village. from Olaya.
1944 – Start of the Crimean Tatar Deportation, ethnic cleansing led by the head of Soviet security and secret police on behalf of Joseph Stalin, of at least 191,044 Tatars expelled from the Crimean peninsula on May 18–20 .
1956 – Special forces of the National Liberation Army, led by Ali Khoja, successfully carry out an ambush that costs the lives of twenty-one French soldiers in the Lakhdaria region.
1965 – Syria carries out the death sentence against spy Eli Cohen after convicting him of spying for Israel.
1974 – India achieves its first nuclear explosion under the title “Buddha's Smile”, becoming the sixth nuclear state in the world after the United States, the Soviet Union, France, the United Kingdom and China.
1980 – St. Helens Volcano erupts in Washington State, United States.
1980 – Gwangju Uprising; Students in the South Korean city of Gonju begin protests to demand democratic reforms.
1989 – Takanohana Koji wins the Makunoshita sumo championship at the age of 16, becoming the youngest person to hold the title.
1990 – Monetary unification between East and West Germany.
1991 – The breakaway Northern Somali Republic, or what is known as Somaliland, is declared. However, it has not received any international recognition, but has enjoyed security stability, unlike the rest of Somalia.
2004 – Union Bnei Sakhnin wins the Israel State Cup as the first Arab team to achieve this feat in Israel.
✴️ Sonia Gandhi relinquishes the presidency of the Indian government after winning the legislative elections.
2006 – The Nepalese government approves reforms that strengthen democracy and reduce the influence of the ruling family.
2009 – Sri Lanka announces the assassination of the leader of the Tamil Tigers rebel organization, Velupillai Prabhakaran.
2014 – Major General Hussein Ishaq, commander of the Syrian army's air defense department, was killed from injuries he suffered during fighting with Syrian opposition forces at a military base near 'Al-Maliha, in the Damascus countryside.
2017 – A massacre took place in the village of Aqarib Al-Safiya, near Al-Salamiyah, Hama Governorate, following a surprise attack by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, resulting in the death of 52 civilians, including 28 women and children.
2018 – 108 people were killed when a passenger plane crashed shortly after takeoff from the Cuban capital Havana.
2021 – Death of Saudi director Abdul Khaleq Al-Ghanem at the age of 63.
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Births:
1048 – Omar Khayyam, Persian mathematician, philosopher and poet, author of the Rubaiyat of Khayyam and creator of the Hijri solar calendar.
1836 – Abdou Al-Hamouli, Egyptian musician.
1850 – Oliver Heaviside, English electrical engineer.
1868 – Tsar Nicholas II, eighteenth and last emperor of the Russian Empire.
1872 – Bertrand Russell, English philosopher, mathematician and writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950.
1876 - Hermann Müller, Chancellor of Germany.
1878 – Salha Qassin, Egyptian actress.
1883 – Walter Gropius, German architect.
1896 – Muhammad Al-Tabei, Egyptian journalist.
1901 – Vincent de Vigneault, American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1955.
1920 – Pope John Paul II, pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
1931 – Ibrahim Khalil Allaf, Saudi poet.
1942 – Nobby Stiles, English footballer and manager. Ibrahim Abdel Razek, Egyptian actor.
1944 – Nizar Hamdoun, Iraqi politician.
1952 – Ryosaburo Otomo, Japanese voice actor.
1955 – Tayseer Fahmy, Egyptian actress.
1958 – Athar Al-Hakim, Egyptian actress.
1960 – Yannick Noah, French tennis player.
1962 – Sandra, German singer.
1964 – Ken Narita, Japanese voice actor.
1970 – Tina Fey, American actress.
1971 – Rabab Kanaan, Syrian actress.
1974 – Eki Nurjana, Indonesian actress and singer
1975 – Yahya Saadeh, Lebanese director.
1977 – Lee Hendry, English footballer.
**Danny Mills, English footballer.
** Rana Abu Ghaly, Jordanian actress.
1978 – Ricardo Carvalho, Portuguese footballer.
1979 – Mariusz Lewandowski, Polish footballer.
** Milivoj Novakovic, Slovenian footballer.
1981 – Mahamadou Diarra, Malian footballer.
1982 – Jason Brown, Welsh footballer.
1983 – Gary O'Neill, English footballer.
1990 – Shahad, Kuwaiti actress and singer.
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Death:
1675 – Jacques Marquette, French explorer.
1721 – Basilius Jubayr, Iraqi patriarch.
1799 – Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais, French playwright.
1909 – Isaac Albéniz, Spanish musician.
1911 – Gustav Mahler, Austrian musician.
1922 – Charles Lavran, French doctor who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1907.
1958 – Yaakov Fishman, Israeli poet.
1965 – Eli Cohen, Israeli spy.
1975 – Leroy Anderson, American musician.
1981 – William Saroyan, American playwright.
1990 – Jill Ireland, English actress, wife of American actor Charles Bronson.
2003 – Zozo Hamdy Al-Hakim, Egyptian actress.
2007 – Pierre de Gennes, French physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1991.
2008 – Harry Benke, world pioneer of microsurgery.
2009 – Wayne Alwyn, an American voice actor best known for playing the character Mickey Mouse.
** Velupillai Prabhakaran, leader of the Tamil Tigers.
2010 – Abdullah Farghaly, Egyptian actor.
2011 – Haji Naseem, an Afghan detainee, dies in the US detention center at Guantanamo.
** Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Khamis, Saudi poet and historian.
2013 – Nam Duk-woo, South Korean politician.
2018 – Iyad Fateh Khalifa Al-Rawi, commander of the Iraqi Republican Guard and the Al-Quds Army during the Saddam Hussein era.
2020 – Saleh Kamel, Saudi businessman.
2021 – Abdul Khaleq Al-Ghanem, Saudi director.
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Holidays and Occasions:
◀️ International Museum Day.
◀️ World AIDS Vaccine Day.
◀️ Flag Day in Haiti.
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