It happened on this day, July 12th.
events:
1109 – The Crusaders succeed in capturing the port of Tripoli on the Levant coast.
1191 – King Richard the Lionheart of England manages to enter Acre, which is under Muslim control. With this entry, the city falls to the Crusaders.
1912 – France declares Morocco a French protectorate.
1917 – The Germans used deadly mustard gas for the first time in World War I.
1921 – Outbreak of the Rif Revolution in Morocco, led by Abdel Karim Al-Khattabi, against the Spanish and French occupations.
1960 – France accepts the independence of Niger, Chad, Upper Volta, Ivory Coast and Central Africa.
1996 – President Idriss Deby is re-elected President of the Republic of Chad.
1998 – The French national football team wins the World Cup hosted on its soil after beating the Brazilian national team, world champions, by three goals to nil.
2002 – A Canadian court grants gay people the right to marry.
2005 – Lebanese Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister Elias Murr was the victim of an assassination attempt by a car bomb.
2006 – Hezbollah captures two Israeli soldiers and kills eight, leading Israel to launch a 33-day war against Lebanon.
✴️ The Kuwaiti National Assembly elects Jassim Mohammed Al-Kharafi as its speaker at its opening session.
2013 – The Britney train crash kills six people and injures around 30 others on the outskirts of the French capital, Paris.
2014 – 18 people are killed in the Al-Batsh family massacre following an Israeli bombing of one of the family's homes on the fifth day of the Gaza war.
2016 – 25 people were killed and 50 injured in a collision involving two trains near the town of Andria in southern Italy.
2017 – A large portion of the Larsen Glacier in Antarctica broke away, with an area of 5,800 km2, a weight of over a trillion tons and a thickness of over 200 meters.
✴️ Brazilian justice sentences former Brazilian president Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva to nine years and six months in prison for corruption and money laundering.
2020 – At least 89 people were killed and several villages destroyed in a series of attacks – which continued until July 26 – on disputed land between a group of tribes in the Darfur region of western Sudan.
2021 – At least 90 people were killed in a fire at Al-Hussein Hospital in the southern Iraqi city of Nasiriyah.
✴️ At least 70 people have been killed and more than 1,200 arrested following protests in South Africa against the arrest of former president Jacob Zuma for contempt of court.
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Births:
1596 – Tsar Michael Romanov, Tsar of Tsarist Russia.
1817 – Henry David Thoreau, American writer.
1849 – William Osler, Canadian physician.
1904 – Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.
1913 – Willis Lamb, American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1955.
1928 – Elias James Khoury, American chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1990.
** Muhammad Mahdi Akef, General Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood.
1929 – Nasser bin Hashim Al-Salman, Saudi Jaafari jurist and professor of religion.
1931 – Eric Ives, British historian.
1932 – Faida Kamel, Egyptian singer, actress and politician.
1937 – Lionel Jospin, French Prime Minister.
1940 – Mazhar Abul Naga, Egyptian actor.
1944 – Alexander Brashaw, British physicist.
1946 – Robert Fisk, British journalist.
1948 – Koji Totani, Japanese voice actor.
1955 – Günter Benko, Austrian football referee.
1962 – Tawfiq Nasser Al-Buali, Saudi Jaafari jurist.
1973 – Tamer Abdel Moneim, Egyptian actor. Christian Vieri, Italian footballer.
1974 – Marwa Mahran, Egyptian actress. Stelos Giannakapoulos, Greek footballer.
1976 – Rawaa Yassin, Syrian actress. Nahir Al-Shammari, Kuwaiti footballer.
1978 – Topher Grace, American actor. Michelle Rodriguez, American actress.
1982 – Antonio Cassano, Italian footballer.
1984 – Khawla Hamdi, Tunisian novelist.
1991 – James Rodriguez, Colombian footballer. 1997 – Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani women's education activist.
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Death:
1536 – Desiderius Erasmus, Dutch philosopher.
1645 – Mikhail Romanov, Tsar of Tsarist Russia.
1889 – Morteza Qoli Khan, Iranian Muslim jurist, writer and poet.
1931 – Lars Ulf Nathan Söd-Brylum, Swedish cleric who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1930.
1949 – Douglas Hyde, poet and President of the Republic of Ireland.
1984 – Jawhar Salem, Kuwaiti actor.
2011 – Ahmed Wali Karzai, Afghan politician.
2018 – Muhammad Omar Al-Mukhtar, only son of the Libyan mujahid Omar Al-Mukhtar.
2021 – Muhammad bin Ismail Al-Omrani, a Yemeni Muslim scholar.
2021 – Hanna Issa, Palestinian politician.
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Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ Independence Day in Sao Tome and Principe.
