Negotiation: The art of possibility with those we hate, and the desire for perfection with those we love (5) ✍️ Ali Al-Fateh Al-Zubair

*The solution begins when we understand the problem*…

In our series of trips to research and explore the important events that shaped the reality of the Sudanese state, we take readings together from the pages of history, openly arriving at results to know the flaw that led to all these setbacks that prevented us from the path of peace, stability and development, since the birth of our beloved homeland, The siege…

Here is the historical order of governance and important events:

*Prehistoric:*

Human Being Sinja

Kushite Kingdoms

Kingdom of Kush

Kingdom of Kerma

factory

Marawi

Nubian Kingdoms

Kingdom of Makuria

Kingdom of Alwa

Kingdom of Nobatia

*Islamic Kingdoms*

Entering Islam

Blue Sultanate

Sultanate of Tounjur

Sultanate of Darfur

Kingdom of the Seven

Ottoman rule

*Turkish invasion*

*Mahdi Revolution*

Mohammed Ahmed Al Mahdi

Rule of the Caliph

*Wad Habouba Revolution*

*Modern History of Sudan* (since 1956)

White Brigades Movement

Abd al-Fadil al-Maz

Graduate Conference..

We leave quickly, starting with the Kingdom of Kush

Which was founded in 1070 BC, and at that time the population did not exceed 1,150,000 people.

The capital was moved from Napata (Karima Alan) to Meroe in 591 BC.

Kushite rule in Nubia began after the collapse of the Bronze Age and the disintegration of the new Egyptian empire. Kush was centered at Napata (present-day Karima, Sudan) during its first phase. The Kushite kingdom was heavily influenced by ancient Egypt culturally, economically, politically, and militarily. After Kashta (“Kushite”) control extended to Upper Egypt in the eighth century BC and its successors were able to control Lower Egypt thereafter, the Kushite kings also became pharaohs of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty in Egypt for about a century, until they were defeated by the Neo-Assyrian Empire under Ashurbanipal, who had been expelled from Egypt by Pharaoh Psamtik I.

Despite the extension of the period and extent of the Kingdom of Kush, and its description as a major regional power until the 4th century AD, the surprise that the reader and follower of this series does not expect is that the end and disintegration of this kingdom It was in 350 AD, that is, after more than one thousand three hundred years of the reign, due to an internal rebellion that led to the weakening of the kingdom, which ended up being seized by the Abyssinian kingdom of Exum. …,,, which confirms that the inherited errors (how is Sudan governed) ??? From BC to the date of writing these lines, the question remains legitimate to the elites, thinkers and politicians of the third millennium. Will we find an answer or have we remained silent and abandoned to the wheel of events without doing anything? ???

The curse of internal discord and rebellion that we are living under now is the same curse that the Sudanese people experienced long ago.

Are we a nation that profits from its mistakes????!!!!!!!!!!!!

To be continued if there is any remaining life, God willing





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