It happened on this day, September 14th.
Events:
786 – Harun al-Rashid assumes the caliphate after the murder of his brother al-Hadi.
1812 – Napoleon Bonaparte succeeds in occupying Moscow, the most important city in the Russian Empire.
1901 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes President of the United States, succeeding President William McKinley, who died of his injuries after being assassinated on September 6.
1917 – Proclamation of the Russian Republic to replace the Russian Empire.
1960 – Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Venezuela create the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) by meeting in Baghdad.
1967 – Marshal Abdel Hakim Amer commits suicide by drinking poison.
1982 – Assassination of the elected President of the Lebanese Republic, Bashir Gemayel, a few days before he was due to take office.
2003 – Sweden refuses in a public referendum to adopt the euro as its currency.
2015 – The LIGO team detects the first gravitational waves produced by the merger of two black holes, proving part of Einstein's theory of general relativity.
2016 – Slovenian Aleksander Ceferin is elected UEFA president, succeeding suspended Frenchman Michel Platini.
2017 – At least 84 people were killed and 93 injured in two attacks targeting a restaurant on the outskirts of the southern Iraqi city of Nasiriyah.
2018 – Hurricane Florence reaches the U.S. mainland and hits North Carolina, killing 32 people.
2019 – Two Saudi Aramco factories in the Abqaiq and Hijrat Khurais regions were targeted by a drone strike, affecting 50% of the company's production, and the Houthis claimed responsibility for the attacks.
2020 – Astronomers announce the discovery of phosphine gas in the atmosphere of the planet Venus, indicating the possibility of the existence of organic life on the aforementioned planet.
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Births:
1580 – Francisco de Quevedo, Spanish writer.
1769 – Alexander von Humboldt, German explorer.
1849 – Ivan Pavlov, Russian physiologist who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1904.
1864 – Robert Cecil, British politician and lawyer who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1937.
1886 – Jan Masaryk, Czechoslovak politician and diplomat.
1889 – Nassib Makarem, Lebanese calligrapher.
1920 – Lawrence Klein, American economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1980.
1926 – Michel Butor, French novelist.
1928 – Cuban photographer Alberto Korda takes the most famous photo of Che Guevara.
1935 – Ahmed Maher, Foreign Minister of Egypt.
1936 – Farid Murad, American physician and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1998.
1937 – Esmat Mahmoud, Egyptian actress and radio host.
** Renzo Piano, Italian architect.
1944 – Gunther Netzer, German footballer.
1947 – Sam Neill, New Zealand actor.
1956 – Ray Wilkins, English footballer and manager.
** Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece.
** Nahid Rushdi, Egyptian actress.
1961 – Martina Gedke, German actress.
1965 – Dmitry Medvedev, President of the Russian Federation.
1970 – Mai Al-Balushi, Kuwaiti actress.
1972 – Shido Nakamura, Japanese actor.
1973 – Linvoy Primus, English footballer.
1974 – Wael Kfoury, Lebanese singer.
**Hicham El Guerrouj, Moroccan track and field athlete.
1976 – Agustín Calleri, Argentine tennis player.
1978 – Youssef El-Sherif, Egyptian actor.
1983 – Amy Winehouse, English singer.
1986 – Michelle Jenner, Spanish actress.
1988 – Kristin Haglund, American model.
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Death:
258 – Cyprian of Carthage, bishop of Carthage.
585 – Emperor Bidatsu, Emperor of Japan.
786 – Abu Muhammad Musa Al-Hadi, Abbasid caliph.
835 – Muhammad bin Ali Al-Jawad, the ninth Imam of the twelve Imams of the Twelver Shiites.
1146 – Imad ad-Din Zengi, Muslim leader.
1321 – Dante Alighieri, Italian poet.
1523 – Pope Adrian VI, Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
1852 – Arthur Wellesley, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1901 – William McKinley, President of the United States.
1916 – José Echegaray, Spanish mathematician and writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1904.
1949 – Mustafa Abu Ezz El-Din, Lebanese military doctor.
1966 – Cemal Kursel, President of Turkey.
1967 – Marshal Abdel Hakim Amer, Egyptian Minister of Defense.
1980 – Hassan Fayek, Egyptian actor.
1982 – Princess Grace Kelly, Princess of Monaco.
** Bashir Gemayel, elected President of the Lebanese Republic.
** Ibrahim Saafan, Egyptian actor.
** Hamad Al-Jasser is a Saudi researcher and writer
2009 – Patrick Swayze, American actor, singer, dancer, and songwriter.
2010 – Mohamed Arkoun, Algerian thinker, university researcher and historian.
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Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ Feast of the Cross.
