It happened on this day, September 16th.
Events:
1400 – Welsh rebel Owain Glyndwr declares himself Prince of Wales.
1431 – An honorary treaty is concluded between the Muslims and the Castilians of Andalusia, with which the Kingdom of Castile takes the greatest step towards realizing its wish to liquidate the Islamic presence in Andalusia.
1543 – The Ottomans sign a treaty with France to manage the French port of Toulon.
1591 – The Ottoman Empire concludes a treaty with Poland stating that Poland (Lithuania) belongs to the Ottoman Empire.
1776 – The Battle of Harlem Heights takes place, one of the battles of the American Revolutionary War.
1804 – French chemist and physicist Louis Joseph takes off in a hydrogen-filled balloon and reaches an altitude of 23 feet (7.16 meters). To measure gravity, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and the chemical concentration of the Earth.
1810 – Mexico gains independence from Spain.
1908 – General Motors founded.
1931 – Italian forces hang Libyan mujahid Omar Al-Mukhtar.
1940 – The Zionist organization “Lehi” seizes the savings of the APAC bank in Tel Aviv after arresting one of its members.
1941 The Shah of Iran, Reza Pahlavi, abdicates the throne in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
✴️ Nazi Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel orders the killing of 50 communists for every wounded German soldier and the killing of 100 for every German soldier killed.
✴️ Taj al-Din al-Hasani officially assumes the presidency of the Syrian Republic, mandated by the French Mandate Authority, and asks Hassan al-Hakim to form the new government.
(1945–Japanese forces surrender in Hong Kong to British Admiral Cecil Harcourt
1952 – Sheikh Muhammad Al-Khader Hussein succeeds Sheikh of Al-Azhar, succeeding Sheikh Abdul Majeed Salim Al-Bishri, who resigned.
1955 – A military coup overthrows President Juan Perón in Argentina.
1959 – French President De Gaulle recognizes the Algerians' right to self-determination.
1963 – Malaysia is created from the Federation of Malaya, Singapore, British North Borneo and Sarawak.
1966 – The Metropolitan Opera House opens at Lincoln Center in Manhattan.
1969 – Grand Imam Muhammad al-Fahham is appointed Sheikh of Al-Azhar Mosque.
1970 – King Hussein bin Talal of Jordan declares military rule following the hijacking of four civilian airliners by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine led by George Habash.
1975 – Papua New Guinea gains independence from Australia.
✴️ Cape Verde, Mozambique and Sao Tome and Principe join the United Nations.
1978 – Pakistani military leader and chief executive General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq declares himself president, becoming the sixth president of Pakistan.
✴️ Sixty thousand dead in an earthquake in Iran.
1979 – Afghan Deputy Prime Minister Hafizullah Amin comes to power after a shootout in the palace results in the death of Prime Minister Taraki.
1980 – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines joins the United Nations.
1982 – The Sabra and Chatila massacre begins in Lebanon.
✴️ Execution of former Iranian Foreign Minister Sadegh Ghotbzadeh, accused of plotting against the state.
1987 – Signing of the Montreal Protocol to protect the ozone layer.
1990 – It is announced in Baghdad that Ali Hassan Al-Majid, Minister of Local Government, has been appointed Governor of Kuwait.
1991 – The trial of ousted Panamanian President Manuel Noriega begins in the United States.
1992 – The British government refuses to join the European exchange rate system.
1998 – Creation of the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat in Algeria.
2004 – Hurricane Ivan hits Florida, causing massive destruction, becoming the fourth most powerful hurricane in recorded history to hit the United States.
2005 – The State of Kuwait signs the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism at the United Nations headquarters, becoming the sixtieth country to sign the agreement.
2009 – Lebanese President Michel Suleiman reassigns Future Movement leader MP Saad al-Din Hariri to form the Lebanese government, after being nominated by 73 representatives of parliament.
2013 – The Washington Navy Yard massacre incident left 13 people dead, including the perpetrator, and approximately 27 injured.
✴️ Restart of the Kaesong industrial complex after a hiatus of more than five months following the 2013 crisis.
2014 – The sixty-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly begins in New York.
2015 – A violent earthquake measuring 8.3 on the Richter scale hits the town of Ilable, Chile.
✴️ Military coup in Burkina Faso and arrest of President Michel Kafando, Prime Minister Yacoub Ishak Zida and other officials.
2017 – The Tunisian national team wins the 29th edition of the African Basketball Championship against the reigning champion, Nigeria.
2018 – At least 70 people were killed by Typhoon Mangkhut, which hit the Philippines, Taiwan and parts of southern China.
2020 – Yoshihide Suga takes over as Prime Minister of Japan, succeeding resigned Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴A
Births:
1386 – King Henry V, King of England.
1521 – Emperor Jiajing, Emperor of China.
1777 – Nathan Mayer Rothschild, German Jewish banker.
1853 – Albrecht Kossel, German physician who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1910.
1858 – Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1859 – Yuan Shirkai, politician and military leader, China.
1877 – Jacob Schick, American inventor.
1886 – Jean Arp, Franco-German painter, sculptor and poet.
1888 – Frans Emil Sillanpaa, Finnish writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1939.
1891 – Karl Dönitz, President of Nazi Germany.
1893 – Albert Nagerabult, Hungarian physician, Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1937.
1894 – Abdel-Wareth Asar, Egyptian actor.
1897 – Milt Franklin, American musician.
1922 – Guy Hamilton, English film director.
1924 – Lauren Bacall, American actress.
1936 – Juhayman Al-Otaibi, Saudi terrorist.
(1945–LailaNazmiEgyptian singer
1950 – Tariq Mitri, Lebanese academic and politician.
1951 – Renny van de Kerkhof, Dutch footballer.
** Willy van de Kerkhof, Dutch footballer.
1952 – Mickey Rourke, American actor.
1961 – Dhikra, Tunisian singer.
1965 – Karlheinz Riedel, German footballer and coach.
1968 – Marc Anthony, American singer.
1985 – Emarat Rizk, Syrian actress.
1988 – Maryam Hussein, Moroccan actress.
1992 – Nick Jonas, American singer, actor, songwriter, and musician.
🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴A
Death:
1701 – King James II, King of England.
1736 – Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, German physicist.
1824 – King Louis XVIII, King of France.
1925 – Alexander Friedman, Russian physicist.
1931 – Omar Al-Mukhtar, Libyan mujahid, nicknamed the Sheikh of the Mujahideen.
1932 – Ronald Ross, English physician who received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1902.
1944 – Gustav Bauer, Chancellor of Germany.
1977 – Maria Callas, Greek-American singer.
1980 – Jean Piaget, Swiss psychologist.
1996 – McGeorge Bundy, American politician.
2006 – Fouad Al Mohandes, Egyptian actor.
** Moshe Sasson, Israel's second ambassador to Egypt.
🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴A
Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer.
⬅️ Independence Day in Mexico.
⬅️ Independence Day in Papua New Guinea.
⬅️ Martyrs' Day in Libya.
⬅️ Malaysia Foundation Day.
