It happened on this day, October 2
Events:
829 – Theophilus succeeds his father Michael II as emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1187 – Saladin al-Ayyubi's siege of Jerusalem ends with his forces capturing the city after 88 years of Crusader rule.
1470 – Richard Neville leads a rebellion against Edward IV, forcing him to flee to the Netherlands, and Henry VI regains the throne.
1535 – Jacques Cartier discovers the site where the Canadian city of Montreal was founded.
1552 – Tsar Ivan IV of Russia captures the Tatar city of Kazan.
1780 – British army officer John Andre is executed by American forces for espionage during the American War of Independence.
1789 – U.S. President George Washington sends to the states for approval a draft of constitutional amendments known as the American Bill of Rights.
1919 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson suffers a stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed.
1925 – John Logie Baird experiments with the world's first television.
1932 – Iraq enters the League of Nations.
1934 – 1,600 people are killed in a tornado in the Osaka and Kyoto areas of Japan.
1941 – German armies launch a powerful attack on Moscow during World War II.
1948 – Böcken Bros seaplane crash in Norway, resulting in the death of 19 people.
1954 – West Germany joins NATO.
1958 – Declaration of independence of Guinea, led by Ahmed Sékou Touré.
1960 – Opening of Morumbi Stadium, official stadium of Sao Paulo FC.
1961 – The Syrian government announces the arrest of Abdul Hamid al-Sarraj, interior minister during the unity era, 4 days after Syria's secession from the United Arab Republic.
1966 – Opening of the Vicente Calderon stadium, home of Atletico Madrid.
1973 – The Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, survived an assassination attempt.
1975 – The first issue of the official Syrian newspaper Tishreen is published.
1978 – Syrian forces clash with Palestinian guerrillas in an armed clash in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley, killing 1,300 people, mostly Palestinians.
1984 – The Egyptian People's Assembly adopts the official emblem of the Arab Republic of Egypt.
1986 – Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi survived an assassination attempt by a Sikh militant.
1987 – Tunisian President Habib Bourguiba names Interior Minister Zine El Abidine Ben Ali head of government.
1994 – An agreement between Tunisia and Israel to mutually open a commercial representative office. The 1994 Asian Games begin in Hiroshima, Japan.
1995 – Final of the tenth edition of the Women's Asian Cup in Malaysia, with China winning their fifth title.
2001 – NATO uses for the first time a paragraph in its charter stating that any attack on a member state is an attack on member states.
✴️ The premiere of the Scrubs series.
2002 – President George W. Bush and the U.S. Congress approve a joint resolution to launch the war in Iraq.
2003 – A U.S. team searching for Iraqi weapons of mass destruction releases its first report since beginning its work, confirming that it found none.
2005 – Final of the 11th FIFA U-17 World Cup in Peru, with Mexico winning the title.
2009 – Rio de Janeiro is chosen to host the 2016 Summer Olympics.
2013 – The Gambia withdraws from the Commonwealth.
2017 – A suicide bomber targeted the police station in the Al-Midan neighborhood in the center of the Syrian capital, Damascus, killing more than 15 people and injuring others.
✴️ Jeffrey Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael Young won the 2017 Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering the molecular mechanisms that control the human biological clock.
2018 – Arthur Ashkin, Gérard Moreau and Donna Strickland won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics for their research in laser science.
✴️ The Iraqi Parliament chooses Barham Salih as the new President of the Republic of Iraq, succeeding Fouad Masum.
✴️ Disappearance of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi after entering the Saudi consulate in Istanbul, Turkey. Some Turkish security sources said they concluded he was killed inside the consulate, while Saudi Arabia doubted those statements and Saudi officials said he left the consulate alive. through a back door.
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Births:
1452 – King Richard III, king of England.
1798 – King Carlo Alberto, king of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
1800 – Nat Turner, leader of the American slave revolt of 1831.
1847 – Paul von Hindenburg, president of Germany.
1852 – William Ramsay, British chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1904.
1869 – Mahatma Gandhi, Indian leader.
1871 – Cordell Hull, American politician who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945.
1904 – Graham Greene, English novelist.
1907 – Alexander Todd, Scottish chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1957.
1917 – Christian de Duve, Belgian biochemist, Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1974.
1924 – Farid Shawqi, Egyptian actor.
1927 – Fadel Khalaf, Kuwaiti writer, journalist and poet.
1933 – John Gordon, British evolutionary biologist who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2012.
1935 – Omar Sivori, Argentine footballer.
1940 – Prince Mohammed bin Talal, son of King Talal bin Abdullah of Jordan.
1943 – Magda Al-Khatib, Egyptian actress.
** Paul van Hemst, Belgian footballer and coach.
1944 – Madiha Salem, Egyptian actress.
1946 – Taha Basri, Egyptian footballer and coach.
1947 – Muhammad Ali Suleiman, Egyptian musician and composer.
1948 – Trevor Brooking, English footballer.
** Ahlam El Gretly, Egyptian actress.
1951 – Sting, English singer.
1959 – Louis Fernandez, French footballer.
1960 – Joe Sacco, Maltese-American cartoonist and journalist.
1967 – Thomas Muster, Austrian tennis player who won 44 singles titles during his career.
**Michael Chang, American tennis player of Chinese origin, won 34 titles during his career.
1968 – Jana Novotna, Czech tennis player.
1969 – Dejan Govedarica, Serbian footballer.
1970 – Ibrahim Jabour, Moroccan athletics runner.
1971 – Tiffany, American singer of Lebanese origin.
** Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah, Minister of Information and Minister of State for Cabinet Affairs in Kuwait.
1975 – Obaid Al-Dosari, Saudi footballer.
1978 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer.
1979 – Francisco Fonseca, Mexican footballer.
1980 – Stefano Luchini, Italian footballer.
1981 – Sanaa Mouziane, Moroccan actress.
** Luke Wilkshire, Australian rules footballer.
1984 – Marion Bartoli, French tennis player.
**Eldin Jakupovic, Swiss footballer.
1985 – Ciprian Marica, Romanian footballer
1986 – Camilla Belle, American actress.
1987 – Sabri Rahil, Egyptian footballer.
1988 – Jack Collison, English footballer.
1990 – Dean Buzanis, Australian rules footballer.
1991 – Roberto Firmino, Brazilian footballer.
1994 – Joanna Idukonit, Lithuanian tennis player.
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Death:
1534 – Ali Al-Karaki, a Twelver Shiite authority from Jabal Amel
1764 – William Cavendish, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1804 – Joseph Cuneo, French inventor.
1903 – Muhammad Dhafer Al-Madani, an Ottoman Sufi from Tripoli.
1927 – Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1903.
1931 – Sir Thomas Lipton, Scottish businessman and manufacturer of Lipton tea.
1969 – Arthur Arbery, British orientalist. One of his most famous works is the interpretation of the Holy Quran in English.
1973 – Paavo Nurmi, Finnish track and field athlete.
1974 Vasily Makarovich Shukshin, Russian writer, actor and director.
** Inna Seidel, German poet and novelist.
1987 – Peter Medawar, British doctor of Lebanese origin, Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1960.
1988 – Fathi Radwan, Egyptian politician.
1999 – Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Albani, Albanian hadith researcher.
2011 – Taha Muhammad Ali, Palestinian poet.
2018 – Jamal Khashoggi, Saudi journalist and media personality.
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Holidays and Occasions:
⬅️ Independence Day in Guinea.
⬅️ International Day of Non-Violence.
