It happened on this day, August 13th.
Events:
1892 – The first issue of the Afro-American newspaper is published in Baltimore, expressing the aspirations of blacks in the United States.
1913 – The invention of stainless steel by English inventor Harry Burley.
1923 – The Turkish National Congress decides to appoint Mustafa Kemal as head of the Turkish government, a final step towards the elimination of the Islamic caliphate.
1940 – The German Air Force carries out a major aerial bombing operation, considered at the time the most violent, against the British capital, London, during World War II.
1951 – The United Kingdom signs a new agreement guaranteeing additional concessions in the Iraqi oil sector.
1953 – The conspirators meet with Hajj Thami El Glaoui in Marrakech and declare that the Sultan of Morocco, Mohammed V, is no longer fit to lead Moroccan society and install Mohammed ben Arafa in his place.
1960 – Central Africa declares independence from France.
1961 – The border between the two Germanys is closed and construction of the Berlin Wall begins.
1964 – The Arab Economic Unity Council of the League of Arab States approves the Arab Common Market Agreement.
1967 – Fall of the Sultanate of Lahj Al-Abdalia in southern Yemen and the National Front revolutionaries take control of all royal palaces and government installations in the city of Al-Houta.
1973 – Zulfikar Ali Bhutto is elected Prime Minister of Pakistan.
1987 – US President Ronald Reagan acknowledges responsibility for the Iran/Contra affair.
1992 – Lebanese Foreign Minister Fares Boyez is the victim of an assassination attempt in northern Lebanon.
2004 – The Summer Olympics begin, hosted by Greece.
2014 – The Iraqi national junior team wins the 2014 U-14 Asian Championship.
2015 – Hurricane Soudlor, or Hurricane Henna, recedes after hitting Taiwan, eastern China, Japan, the Philippines and surrounding islands and regions, killing at least 38 people and injuring hundreds.
✴️ A truck bomb exploded in a popular market in Baghdad, killing at least 80 people and injuring more than 200.
✴️ Former US President Jimmy Carter announces that he has cancer.
✴️ An American archaeologist claims that it is possible to find the tomb of Nefertiti, whose location has intrigued scientists for years, and that it is located in a secret room behind the tomb of Tutankhamun.
2020 – Israel and the United Arab Emirates announce an agreement to normalize relations between the two countries.
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Births:
1814 – Anders Ångström, Swedish physicist.
1819 – George Gabriel Stokes, Irish mathematician and physicist.
1872 – Richard Felstetter, German chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1915.
1888 – John Logie Baird, Scottish electrical engineer.
1899 – Alfred Hitchcock, English film director.
1910 – Muhammad Abd al-Muttalib, Egyptian singer.
1913 – Bishop Makarios, President and Archbishop of the Cypriot Orthodox Church and first President of Cyprus.
1918 – Frederick Sanger, English biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1958 and 1980.
1926 – Fidel Castro, Cuban president.
1930 – Kamal Abu Latif, Lebanese soldier and lawyer.
1946 – Ahmed Maher, Egyptian actor.
1952 – Aisha Al-Razem, Palestinian-Jordanian poet, journalist and painter.
1957 – Faisal Al-Dakhil, Kuwaiti footballer.
1958 – Rashid Assaf, Syrian actor.
1962 – Muhammad Al-Rasheed, Kuwaiti actor.
** Manuel Valls, French Prime Minister.
1963 – Sridevi, Indian actress.
1964 – Hanan, Egyptian singer.
1965 – Hayato Matsuo, Japanese composer.
1970 – Alan Shearer, English footballer.
1973 – Saud Al-Wara, Kuwaiti journalist.
1975 – James Carbinalo, American actor.
1984 – Niko Kranjcar, Croatian footballer.
1986 – Rania Mansour, Egyptian actress.
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Death:
1688 – Ibrahim bin Hussein Al-Biri, an Ottoman Hijazi Muslim scholar.
1810 – Jacques François Menou, French general.
1863 – Delacroix, French painter.
1917 – Eduard Buchner, German chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1907.
1941 – Talaat Harb, Egyptian economist.
1944 – Ahmed Skierj, Moroccan jurist, mystic and poet.
1946 – Herbert George Wells, English writer.
1953 – Khalil Sakakini, Palestinian writer.
1965 – Hayato Ikeda, Prime Minister of Japan.
1981 – Salah Abdel Sabour, Egyptian poet.
1989 – Ali Sami Al-Shirazi, Iranian archaeologist.
2004 – Julia Child, American chef.
2010 – Daoud Salloum, Iraqi linguist and literary scholar.
2012 – Helen Brown, American journalist and writer.
2017 – Walid Al-Ali, Kuwaiti preacher.
2020 – Essam El-Erian, Egyptian politician and member of the Muslim Brotherhood's Guidance Bureau in Egypt.
** Samir Al-Iskandarani, Egyptian painter and singer.
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Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ International Left Handers Day.
⬅️ Women's Day in Tunisia.
