It happened on this day, August 9th.
Events:
70 – Belief in the destruction of Solomon’s Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans.
1805 – Zebulon Pike begins a journey from St. Louis to explore the mouth of the Mississippi River.
1842 – Signing of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty.
1892 – The town of Vacaville, Solano County, California, is granted city status.
1896 – The final flight of German aviation pioneer Otto Lilienthal, which results in his crash and death the next day.
1928 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk informs the participants of the Republican People's Party's “Kalkhana” celebration of the Latin letters to be used in writing the Turkish language in preparation for the so-called linguistic coup.
1929 – The Buraq Revolt breaks out in the city of Jerusalem during the British Mandate of Palestine.
1942 – British colonial forces in India arrest Mahatma Gandhi after he launches peaceful resistance to the occupation.
(1945–The United States drops an atomic bomb called Fat Man on the city of Nagasaki, killing between 60,000 and 80,000 people.
1956 – Singapore gains independence from Malaysia.
1960 – The flag of the Republic of Gabon is officially adopted.
1967 – Sixty of the world's wealthiest Jews hold a conference in Jerusalem where they pledge financial support for Israel.
1971 – Signing of a treaty of friendship and cooperation between India and the Soviet Union.
1990 – The UN Security Council unanimously adopts “Resolution No. 662”, which considers that the annexation of Kuwait by Iraq, whatever its form or pretext, has no legal basis and is annulled as if it had never existed, and demands that all countries, international organizations and competent institutions not recognize this annexation and refrain from any action. Any communication could be interpreted as an indirect recognition of the annexation.
✴️ Saudi Arabia decides to call on allied forces to face the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.
1991 – Foreign ministers of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation countries, at their conference in Istanbul, Turkey, support the continuation of the blockade of Iraq.
1993 – Pope John Paul II apologizes for Catholic involvement in the African slave trade.
✴️ Prince Albert was crowned King of Belgium under the name Albert II.
1999 – Russian President Boris Yeltsin dismissed Prime Minister Sergei Steplashin three months after taking office, without giving a reason, and instead appointed intelligence chief and National Security Council Secretary Vladimir Putin as acting prime minister.
2001 – The Al-Qassam Brigades carried out an attack inside the occupied Palestinian territories in 1948, killing 19 people during the Sbarro restaurant operation.
2005 – Space Shuttle Discovery lands safely at Edwards Air Force Base in California, the shuttle's first flight since the explosion of Columbia on February 2, 2003.
2012 – Syrian President Bashar al-Assad appoints Health Minister Wael al-Halqi as prime minister, days after former Prime Minister Riad Farid Hijab defected.
✴️ The Syrian army shelled the Aleppo citadel after the Free Syrian Army forces fortified themselves nearby.
2014 – The Egyptian administrative court decides to dissolve the Freedom and Justice Party, the political wing of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt.
✴️ 15 Yemeni soldiers were killed in the Al-Houta massacre after being kidnapped by Al-Qaeda members in Hadramaut governorate.
2015 – Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi announced a series of decisions, including the removal of the posts of Vice Presidents of the Republic (Nouri al-Maliki, Osama al-Nujaifi and Iyad Allawi) and Deputy Prime Ministers (Bahaa al-Nujaifi-Araji, Saleh al-Mutlaq and Rose Nouri Shawis) in response to popular protests.
2016 – Real Madrid win the European Super Cup after beating Sevilla 3-2.
2018 – At least 50 people were killed – mostly children – after Saudi-led coalition forces bombed a children's bus in the Dahyan area of Saada Governorate, Yemen.
✴️ A 5.9 Richter magnitude earthquake hits the Indonesian island of Lombok, killing 319 people.
2021 – The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change releases the first part of the sixth report on climate change and its impacts.
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Births:
1631 – John Dryden, English poet.
1776 – Amedeo Avogadro, Italian physicist.
1889 – Ibrahim Al-Mazni, Egyptian writer and literary figure.
1896 – Jean Piaget, Swiss psychologist.
1904 – James Augustine Shannon, American nephrologist.
1911 – William Fowler, American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983.
1922 – Klaus Nonnemann, German writer.
1927 – Marvin Minsky, American scientist specializing in cognitive and cognitive sciences in the field of artificial intelligence.
1931 – Mario Zagallo, Brazilian footballer and coach.
** Samih Al-Sharif, Jordanian-Palestinian writer and poet.
1932 – Houria Hassan, Egyptian singer and actress.
1938 – Leonid Kuchma, President of Ukraine.
** Rod Laver, Australian tennis player.
** Otto Rehhagel, German footballer and coach.
1939 – Romano Prodi, Italian Prime Minister.
1944 – George Armstrong, English footballer and manager.
** Sam Elliott, American actor.
1947 – Roy Hodgson, English footballer and manager.
1957 – Melanie Griffith, American actress.
1961 – John Key, Prime Minister of New Zealand.
1963 – Whitney Houston, American singer.
1968 Eric Bana, Australian actor.
** Gillian Anderson, American actress, best known for her role in the series The X-Files.
1973 – Filippo Inzaghi, Italian footballer.
1976 – Rhona Mitra, English actress.
1977 – Mikael Silvestre, French footballer.
** Balqis Al-Mulhim, Saudi poet and short story writer.
1978 – Ghada Al-Faihani, Bahraini actress.
** Audrey Tautou, French actress.
** Wesley Sunk, Belgian international footballer.
1980 Nadine Salama, Palestinian actress living in Syria.
** Nuria Cabañas, Spanish rhythmic gymnast.
1984 Paul Gallagher, Scottish footballer.
** Ramez Diop, Lebanese international footballer.
1986 – Taner Olmaz, Turkish actor.
1987 – Nahla Zaki, Egyptian actress.
** Fadi Al-Shami, Syrian actor.
1989 – Stefano Okaka, Italian footballer.
1991 – Hansika Motwani, Indian actress.
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Death:
117 – Emperor Trajan, 13th Roman Emperor.
378 – Emperor Valens, Roman Emperor.
1127 – Camphor of Sour, Egyptian scholar of hadith.
1173 – Najm al-Din Ayyub, Ayyubid politician and military man.
1954 – Leo Katz, Austrian novelist, wrote in German and Hebrew.
1957 – Karl Clauberg, Nazi doctor scarred by the horrors of his experiences in Nazi concentration camps.
1962 – Hermann Hesse, Swiss writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1946.
1969 – Cecil Powell, British physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1950.
** Sharon Tate, American actress.
1977 – Abdul Aziz Al Masoud, Kuwaiti actor.
1994 – Soraya Helmy, Egyptian actress.
1999 – Mohamed Fouad Siraj El-Din, Egyptian politician.
2000 – John Harsanyi, American economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1994.
2005 – Musleh Al-Azmi, Member of the Kuwaiti National Assembly.
2008 – Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian poet.
** Bernie Mac, American actor.
2013 – Suleiman Al-Issa, Syrian poet.
2015 – Wahba Al-Zuhaili, Syrian religious scholar and jurist.
2020 – Ibrahim El-Sharqawi, Egyptian actor.
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Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples.
⬅️ National Day in Singapore.
⬅️ National Women's Day in South Africa.
⬅️ National Peacekeepers Day in Canada.
