It happened on this day, July 25th.
events:
1139 – Victory of the counties of Portugal, led by Alfonso I, over the Almoravids, led by Ali Abu al-Hasan, at the Battle of Ourique, leading to the creation of the Kingdom of Portugal.
1544 – The kings of Europe recognize the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire over Hungary after twenty years of wars since the Ottoman forces succeeded in conquering it and annexing it to their sovereignty.
1603 – King James VI of Scotland is installed on the throne of England as James I, first king of the Stuart dynasty.
1790 – Moulay Yazid orders the execution of Muhammad al-Arabi Qadous, chief minister of Moroccan Sultan Muhammad III bin Abdullah.
1957 – Abolition of the monarchy, declaration of the creation of the Tunisian Republic and installation of Habib Bourguiba as president.
1982 – Bashir Gemayel announces his candidacy for the post of President of the Lebanese Republic.
2004 – Lithuania, Cyprus, Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary, Estonia, the Czech Republic, Latvia, Poland and Malta join the European Union.
2007 – Pratibha Patil assumes the presidency of India, becoming the first woman to hold the office.
2009 – Parliamentary and presidential elections were held in Iraqi Kurdistan in the presence of international observers, with a turnout of 78.5%.
2016 – American communications company Verizon announces the acquisition of Yahoo for an estimated $4.8 billion.
✴️ Opening of the Arab Summit at its twenty-seventh session in Nouakchott.
2018 – At least 221 people were killed and 200 others were injured in separate attacks in Suwayda governorate carried out by ISIS.
2021 – UNESCO declares the Hima cultural region in southern Saudi Arabia a World Heritage Site.
✴️ Political crisis in Tunisia after President Kais Saied's decision to freeze Parliament and dismiss Prime Minister Hicham Mechichi, while the Ennahda movement rejected this decision.
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Births:
1487 – Ismail al-Safavi, founder of the Safavid state.
1848 – Arthur James Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and holder of the Balfour Declaration.
1870 – Maxfield Parrish, American painter.
1883 – Louis Massignon, French orientalist.
1894 – Walter Brennan, American actor.
1894 – Gavrilo Princip, Serbian revolutionary whose murder of the Austrian Archduke and his wife sparks the outbreak of World War I.
1905 – Elias Canetti, Bulgarian novelist and playwright, Nobel Prize for Literature in 1981.
1920 – Rosalind Franklin, British physical chemist.
1922 – James Early, American engineer and electronics engineer.
1925 – Jerry Paris, American actor, director and producer.
1935 – Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi businessman.
1949 – Shawqi Shamekh, Egyptian actor.
1953 – Robert Zoellick, President of the World Bank.
1958 – Muhammad Taqi Al-Khoei, Iraqi Muslim jurist.
1963 – Hidenari Ogaki, Japanese voice actor.
1964 – Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, seventh President of Somalia.
1966 – Wataru Takagi, Japanese voice actor.
1967 – Matt LeBlanc, American actor.
1972 – Carole Samaha, Lebanese singer.
1973 – Kevin Phillips, English footballer.
1975 – Jean-Claude d'Archeville, French footballer.
“Judy Craddock, English footballer.
1976 – Murat Danaci, Turkish actor.
1978 – Asma Lamnawar, Moroccan singer.
** Louise Brown, an American, was the first woman in the world to give birth through in vitro fertilization.
1979 – Khalaf Al-Salama, Kuwaiti footballer.
1980 – Diames, French-Greek-Cypriot singer.
1981 – Finn Balor, Irish wrestler.
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Death:
946 – Muhammad bin Tughj al-Ikhshid, founder of the Ikhshidid state
1471 – Thomas de Campis, Catholic theologian.
1492 – Pope Innocent VIII, Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
1799 – Hisham bin Muhammad, Moroccan sultan of the Alawite dynasty.
1834 – Samuel Tyler Coleridge, English poet.
1941 – Hamad Saab, Lebanese military commander.
1974 – Hassan Shaker Shaai, Iranian poet.
1980 – Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian singer, actor and poet.
1985 – Saleh Shehab, Kuwaiti educator.
2002 – Abdel Rahman Badawi, Egyptian philosopher.
2010 – Kamel Al-Asaad, Speaker of the Lebanese Parliament.
2011 – Zabin Al Khawaldeh, Jordanian football goalkeeper.
2013 – Mohamed Brahmi, Tunisian opponent and secretary general of the Popular Movement.
2016 – Halil Inalcik, Turkish historian.
2019 – Béji Caïd Essebsi, fifth president of the Tunisian Republic.
“Farouk El-Fishawy, Egyptian actor.
2020 – Marwan Mahfouz, Lebanese singer and theater actor.
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Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ Arab Culture Day.
⬅️ Republic Day in Tunisia.
⬅️ Constitution Day in Puerto Rico.
⬅️ National holiday in the Galicia region of Spain.
