It happened on this day, October 3
Events:
1683 – Qing naval forces arrive in Taiwan to secure the formal surrender of Zeng Kechuang, King of Tongning, after the “Battle of Pinghu”.
1778 – British explorer James Cook reaches Alaska, the most remote part of the North American continent.
1866 – Signature of the “Treaty of Vienna” which ends the war between Austria and Italy.
1904 – Signature of a treaty between France and Spain to preserve the independence of Morocco.
1906 – The SOS signal is adopted as the worldwide symbol for calling for help, but it is not implemented until 1908.
1918 – Prince Faisal enters Damascus at the head of Arab and English forces and announces the creation of the Syrian Arab kingdom in Greater Syria with its four countries divided between English and French.
1924 – The British force Sharif Hussein bin Ali to abdicate the throne of the Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz in favor of his son, Sharif Ali, and exile him to Cyprus.
1929 – The Kingdom of Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia unites to form Yugoslavia.
1932 – Iraq gains independence from Britain and joins the League of Nations as an independent state.
1935 – Italy attacks Ethiopia on the orders of Benito Mussolini.
1941 – Adolf Hitler announces the defeat of the Soviet Union in World War II.
1942 – The first German ballistic missile appears when launched over England during World War II.
1948 – Discovery of uranium in Congo-Brazzaville.
1951 – The last British working in the oil sector in Iran leave Abadan.
1952 – The first British atomic bomb explodes off the coast of Australia.
1958 – General Charles de Gaulle announces from Constantine a plan for economic and social reforms in Algeria.
1965 – Fidel Castro announces that Che Guevara has renounced his Cuban citizenship and left to fight the imperialist powers outside Cuba.
1971 – The unmanned Soviet spacecraft Luna 19 orbits the Moon.
1977 – Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is arrested for financial corruption.
1990 – East and West Germany reunite as the Federal Republic of Germany, having separated in 1945 following the end of World War II.
✴️ Signing of a Soviet-American agreement aimed at reducing military weapons and equipment in Europe, excluding biological, chemical and nuclear weapons.
1993 – U.S. forces enter Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia, killing more than 7,000 people.
2000 – The United States rejects efforts by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan to create a permanent international force for the organization.
✴️ Musician Yanni releases his thirteenth album entitled “If I Could Tell You”, which contains 11 tracks.
2001 – The Belgian Criminal Court postponed the examination of the criminal case brought against Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Sabra and Shatila camps in Lebanon on September 16, 1982.
2003 – North Korea announces that it has overcome all obstacles to produce a nuclear bomb.
2007 – North Korea agrees to dismantle its main Yongyeon nuclear reactor under U.S. supervision and disclose all its nuclear activities by the end of the year.
2009 – Irish people vote in a referendum with a majority of 67.13% in favor of the European Lisbon Treaty, according to final results announced by the Electoral Commission.
2012 – Three car bombs driven by suicide bombers explode in Saadallah al-Jabri Square in Aleppo, Syria, killing 40 people.
2013 – The Yemeni army retakes the headquarters of the Second Military Region after storming it and controlling it by Al-Qaeda militants for three days.
2016 – It was announced that Japan's Yoshinori Ohsumi had won the 2016 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work on autophagy.
2017 – Kip Thorne, Rainer Weiss and Barry Parish win the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics for their research in the field of gravitational waves.
2018 – Gregory Winter, George Smith and Francis Arnold won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their research in the field of proteins.
2021 – The International Consortium of Investigative Journalists releases the Pandora Documents.
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Births:
1445 – Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti, Muslim historian.
1797 – Leopold II, Duke of Tuscany.
1803 – John Gorrie, Scottish-born American physician and inventor.
1804 – Alain Cardec, French writer.
1844 – Patrick Manson, Scottish physician.
1867 – Pierre Bonnard, French painter.
1869 – Alfred Flatoff, German gymnast.
1886 – Alain-Fournier, French writer.
1889 – Carl von Ossietzky, German journalist and peace activist who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1935.
1894 – Walter Warlimont, German soldier.
1897 – Louis Aragon, French poet.
1904 – Charles Pedersen, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1987.
1919 – James Buchanan Jr., American economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1986.
1925 – Gore Vidal, American writer.
1928 – Alvin Toffler, American writer and thinker.
1935 – Charles Duke, American astronaut.
1936 – Amr Moussa, Egyptian politician.
1951 – Hans Bongartz, German footballer and coach.
1954 – Stevie Ray Vaughn, American guitarist and singer.
1964 – Clive Owen, English actor.
1969 – Gwen Stefani, American singer.
1973 – Richard Ian Cox, Canadian actor.
** Neve Campbell, Canadian actress.
** Lena Headey, English actress.
1974 – Marianne Timmer, Dutch speed skater.
1975 – Talib Kweli, American rapper.
1976 – Seann William Scott, American actor.
1977 – Muftah Ghazala, Libyan footballer.
1978 – Claudio Pizarro, Peruvian footballer.
** Gerald Asamoah, German footballer.
1979 – Faraj Lahib, Kuwaiti footballer.
1981 – Zlatan Ibrahimovic, Swedish footballer.
**Andreas Isaksson, Swedish football goalkeeper.
1983 – Federico Chávez Guedes, Brazilian footballer.
1984 – Ashlee Simpson, American singer. Anthony Loutalec, French footballer.
** Yoon Eun Hye, South Korean actress and singer.
1986 – Jackson Martinez, Colombian footballer.
1987 – Behnam Bani, Iranian pop singer.
1989 – Bonds Ngala, English footballer.
2004 – Noah Schnapp, American actor.
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Death:
1226 – Francis of Assisi, Catholic saint.
1896 – William Morris, English poet and writer.
1929 – Gustav Stresemann, German politician who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1926.
1931 – Faisal Al-Dawish, sheikh of the Mutair tribe and one of the leaders of the Brotherhood.
1946 – Mirza Mahdi Al-Gharawi Al-Isfahani, Twelver Iranian Shiite jurist.
1964 – Mustafa Al-Sibai, founder of the Muslim Brotherhood movement in Syria.
1968 – Muhammad bin Hussein Al-Ali, Saudi jurist and judge.
1987 – Jean Anouilh, French writer.
1999 – Akio Morita, Japanese businessman.
2005 – Francesco Scoglio, Italian football coach.
2009 – Fatima Al-Senussi, wife of the king of the Kingdom of Libya, Muhammad Idris Al-Senussi.
2011 – Zakaria Zerouali, Moroccan footballer.
2014 – Jean-Jacques Marcel, French footballer.
2017 – Jalal Talabani, sixth president of Iraq.
2020 – Nizar Al-Samarrai, Iraqi actor.
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Holidays and Occasions:
⬅️ The anniversary of the reunification of Germany, which is therefore German Unity Day.
⬅️ Independence Day in Iraq.
⬅️ Commemoration of the Day of the Honduran Hero and Soldier.
