It happened on this day, September 13th.
Events:
1882 – Defeat of Ahmed Orabi at the Battle of Tell el-Kebir and beginning of the English occupation of Egypt.
1889 – The body of Youssef Bey Karam arrives in Zgharta in Mount Lebanon.
1936 – Major fighting breaks out in Jerusalem after the British army occupies the Buraq police station in the city.
1940 – Italian forces invade Egypt during World War II.
1943 – Chiang Kai-shek is inaugurated as President of Taiwan.
1955 – Diplomatic relations are established between West Germany and the Soviet Union for the first time since World War II.
✴️ The Secretary General of the New Free Constitutional Party, Saleh Ben Youssef, returns to Tunisia to announce his opposition to the internal independence agreements signed on June 3 of the same year. The party thus split into two, and the conflict between them turned into clashes and assassinations.
1968 – Albania withdraws from the Warsaw Pact.
1970 – Armed conflict between the Jordanian army and the Palestine Liberation Organization begins in what is known as the Black September events.
1988 – King Fahd bin Abdulaziz lays the foundation stone for the expansion of the Grand Mosque in Mecca.
1993 – Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin accept the Oslo Accords granting Palestinians autonomy in Palestinian Authority territories.
2001 – U.S. authorities allow partial operation of civilian flights over U.S. airspace, after banning all airliners from flying for two days following the September 11 attacks.
2013 – All four accused in the Delhi gang rape case were sentenced to death by hanging.
2015 – Famous French journalist Clare Chazal ends her career presenting the news on TF1, reaching a record number of 10.2 million viewers during her last show.
✴️ Germany, Slovakia and Austria temporarily suspend the Schengen agreement on free movement.
2017 – Halimah Yacob wins the presidency of Singapore after being deemed the only qualified candidate for the position, becoming the first woman to serve as president of her country.
✴️ The General Assembly of the International Olympic Committee has decided to award the honour of organising the two Summer Games: 2024 to the city of Paris and 2028 to the city of Los Angeles.
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Births:
786 – Al-Ma'mun, Abbasid caliph.
1475 – Cesare Borgia, Italian cardinal.
1819 – Clara Schumann, German musician.
1860 – General John Pershing, American soldier.
1863 – Arthur Henderson, British politician who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1934.
1876 - Sherwood Anderson, American novelist and short story writer.
1877 – Wilhelm Felchner, German traveler.
1886 – Robert Robinson, English chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1947.
1887 – Leo Bold Ružička, Croatian chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1939.
1903 – Riad Al-Qasabji, Egyptian actor.
1916 – Roald Dahl, British novelist.
1924 – Ibrahim Saafan, Egyptian actor.
** Maurice Jarre, French musician.
1936 – Mona Nour El-Din, Tunisian actress.
1938 – John Smith, British politician.
1940 – Oscar Arias Sánchez, President of Costa Rica, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1987.
1941 – Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President of Turkey.
** Tadao Ando, Japanese architect.
** Ed Roberts, American engineer.
1944 – Jacqueline Bisset, English actress.
1952 – Bayouna, Algerian actress.
1967 – Michael Johnson, American track and field athlete.
1970 – Yuki Matsuoka, Japanese actress.
1971 – Goran Ivanisevic, Croatian tennis player.
1973 – Fabio Cannavaro, Italian footballer.
1975 – Abeer Ahmed, Egyptian actress working in Kuwait.
1978 – Meshal Al-Jasser, Kuwaiti actor.
1980 – Keith Andrews, Irish footballer.
** Yalda, an Iranian actress working in Kuwait.
1985 – Badr Al-Hamoud, Saudi film director.
1986 – Fouad Ali, Jordanian actor working in Kuwait.
1989 – Thomas Müller, German footballer.
1993 – Niall Horan, Irish singer.
1997 – Razan Al-Najjar, Palestinian nurse.
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Death:
81 – Emperor Titus, tenth Roman emperor.
1592 – Michel de Montaigne, French writer.
1598 – King Philip II, King of Spain.
1612 – Queen Karin Münsteder, wife of King Eric XIV of Sweden.
1936 – Muhammad bin Mutahhar al-Ghasham, Muslim scholar, Zaidi jurist and Yemeni judge.
1946 – Amon Goeth, German Nazi officer.
1949 – August Krug, Danish physician, Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1920.
1957 – Siraj Mounir, Egyptian actor.
1959 – Muhammad Al-Qazalji, Iraqi scholar and jurist.
1971 – Lin Biao, Chinese politician and military man.
1996 – Tupac Shakur, American singer and actor.
1998 – George Wallace, American politician.
2006 – Ann Richards, American politician.
2012 – Ismail Abdel Hafez, Egyptian director.
2017 – Khalil Al-Abwaini, Jordanian poet.
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Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ International Law Day.
