It happened on this day, September 27
Events:
622 AD – The arrival of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, to Medina from Mecca in what is known as the Prophet's Migration.
1529 Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent begins the siege of Vienna in the heart of Europe
1669 The Ottoman army defeats European countries in the siege of Kandia and manages to enter it.
1822 – French Egyptologist Jean-François Champollion deciphers ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs after studying the Rosetta Stone.
1825 – First use of the railway as a means of public transport.
1914 – The Russian Empire occupies Hungary.
1922 – Turkish forces led by Mustafa Kemal occupy Smyrna.
✴️ King Constantine I of Greece leaves the throne.
1939 – Poland surrenders to Germany and the Soviet Union.
1941 – End of Italian resistance in Abyssinia.
1959 – A hurricane on the Japanese island of Honshu kills more than 5,000 people.
1964 – Assassination of former Syrian President Adeeb Shishakli in exile in Brazil by a Syrian immigrant from Jabal al-Arab named Nawaf Ghazala.
✴️ Commissioner Warren's report has been released in which he claims that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone when he assassinated US President John F. Kennedy.
1982 – Fatah movement leader Saad Sayel (Abu Al-Walid) is assassinated after being shot by unknown assailants in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley.
1983 – Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free operating system.
1985 – “Hurricane Gloria” causes $6 billion in losses in 12 US states.
1987 – Egyptian President Mohamed Hosni Mubarak and French President François Mitterrand inaugurate Cairo's first metro lines.
1990 – Former Algerian President Ahmed Ben Bella returns to Algeria after 9 years of exile.
1996 – The Taliban take control of the Afghan capital, Kabul, after the expulsion of President Burhanuddin Rabbani and the execution of former President Muhammad Najibullah.
1997 – Egyptian Mohamed ElBaradei is elected head of the International Atomic Energy Agency.
✴️ The Martian reconnaissance vehicle “Pathfinder” loses contact with Earth for no known reason.
1998 Opening of Google.
2002 – East Timor joins the United Nations.
2005 – The 163rd and final episode of Tom and Jerry is titled “The Karate Guard”.
2007 – NASA launches the Dawn probe on a mission to asteroid 4 Vesta, which the spacecraft will reach in 2011, and to the dwarf planet Ceres, which it will reach in 2015.
2009 – Clashes on the Temple Mount between Palestinians and a group of Jews after a number of them went to the Temple Mount area, and Israeli police fired sound bombs to disperse protesters against the visit.
✴️ General elections were held in Germany and the final result of the elections was that the coalition led by Chancellor Angela Merkel obtained an estimated majority of 332 seats out of 622 in the Bundestag.
2011 – Start of a military operation by the Syrian army against the Syrian opposition stronghold in the town of Rastan, in the countryside of Homs governorate.
2013 – The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change releases the first part of its fifth report, predicting an increase in global warming of 0.3 to 4.8 degrees Celsius by 2100.
✴️ The UN Security Council unanimously issues Resolution 2118, which requires the Syrian government to destroy its stockpile of chemical weapons by mid-2014.
2014 – Protesters gather in Hong Kong to demonstrate against proposed electoral amendments announced by the Chinese government.
2015 – Catalan forces with separatist tendencies obtain an absolute majority in Parliament after obtaining more than half of the votes in the legislative elections in the Catalonia region of Spain.
2017 – The Independent High Commission for Elections and Referendums in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq announces the official results of the referendum on secession from Iraq, where the percentage of supporters reached 92.73%, while the percentage of those who rejected it reached 7.27% of the total voters.
2020 – Violent military clashes break out between the Azerbaijani and Armenian armies in the disputed Karabakh highlands, and both countries declare martial law in accordance with the state of war.
✴️ The Swiss reject by 61.7% the popular initiative for moderate immigration, which aims to renegotiate the free movement agreement with the European Union.
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Births:
1389 – Cosimo de Medici, Italian politician.
1572 – Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi, Iranian Shiite theologian and philosopher of the School of Transcendental Wisdom.
1601 – King Louis XIII, king of France.
1719 – Abraham Gotthilf Kistner, German mathematician.
1871 – Grazia Deleda, Italian writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1926.
1918 – Martin Ryle, English physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1974.
1925 – Robert Edwards, British biologist who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2010.
1932 – Oliver Williamson, American economist, Nobel Prize in Economics in 2009.
1947 – Mehrnoush Ebrahimi, Iranian communist supporter.
1953 – Claudio Gentile, Italian footballer and referee.
1954 – Ahmed Nasr, Palestinian politician.
1961 – Hamada El-Sawy, Egyptian judge and prosecutor.
1968 – Mari Kiviniemi, Prime Minister of Finland.
1972 – Gwyneth Paltrow, American actress.
1976 – Francesco Totti, Italian footballer.
1979 – Shinji Ono, Japanese footballer.
**Arwa Gouda, Egyptian actress.
1982 – Abdullah Bahman, Kuwaiti actor.
**Esau Kanyenda, Malawian footballer.
** Lil Wayne, American rapper
1984 – Avril Lavigne, French-Canadian rock singer.
1990 – Yassin Hamza, Saudi footballer.
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Death:
1404 – William de Wickham, architect, Catholic priest, politician and judge who founded New College.
1917 – Edgar Degas, French visual artist and sculptor.
1940 – Julius Wagner von Jaorg, Austrian doctor who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1927.
** Walter Benjamin, German philosopher.
1965 – Clara Bow, American actress.
1970 – Agha Bozorg Al-Tehrani, a Twelver Iranian Shia authority.
1983 – Majd al-Din al-Najafi al-Isfahani, Iranian Muslim scholar, professor of religion and poet.
1996 – Muhammad Najibullah, President of Afghanistan.
2005 – Ronald Gulyas, Brazilian actor.
2010 – Ahmed Maher, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Egypt.
2011 – Jesús Maria Pereda, Spanish footballer and coach.
2011 – Mahmoud Abu Al-Lail, Egyptian Minister of Justice.
2018 – Tara Fares, Iraqi model.
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Holidays and Occasions:
⬅️ World Tourism Day.
