It happened on this day, September 9th.
Events:
337 – The three emperors Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constantius succeed their late father, Constantine I, to the throne of the Roman Empire as co-rulers, with the three emperors dividing the lands of the empire.
914 – The one-eyed leader Dhaka enters Egypt at the head of an army sent by the Abbasid caliph to repel the threat of the Fatimids from Egypt, who aspired to control it after the Maghreb countries.
1087 – William Rufus ascends to the throne of England as William II.
1493 – Battle of Krbava, where the Ottomans win a crushing victory over the Croats.
1513 – Battle of Flodden: defeat of Scotland and death of its king, James IV, and withdrawal of Scotland from the League of Cambrai.
1543 – King James V's nine-month-old daughter, Mary Stuart, is crowned “Queen of Scots” in the central Scottish town of Stirling.
1739 – The Stono Rebellion breaks out near Charleston, South Carolina, becoming the largest slave rebellion in the British-ruled North American colonies before the American Revolution.
1791 – The U.S. capital is officially named after President George Washington.
1827 – The Egyptian fleet, led by Ibrahim Pasha, arrives at the “Port of Navarino” in Greece.
1842 – Declaration of the French protectorate over Tahiti.
1867 – Independence of Luxembourg.
1876 – The first issue of Al-Ahram newspaper is published as a daily.
1881 – The Orabi Revolution begins in Egypt, led by Ahmed Orabi, when he marched in a procession with the leaders of the Egyptian army to Abdeen Palace, residence of Khedive Tawfiq, to present the nation's demands for good governance.
1882 – Start of the Battle of Tell el-Kebir between Ahmed Orabi and the British.
1892 – English astronomer Dr Bernard discovers a fifth moon of Jupiter.
1938 – The Battle of Beersheba breaks out between British Mandate forces and Arab mujahideen in Palestine, in which the mujahideen capture 600 weapons and cause dozens of casualties among the ranks of the occupying forces.
1940 – Italian warplanes bomb the Jewish settlement of Tel Aviv in Palestine during World War II, killing 117 people.
1948 – The Democratic People's Republic of Korea, known as North Korea, is declared and the day is declared a national holiday.
1952 – Arab League Secretary-General Abdel Rahman Azzam resigns from his post.
1953 – The Land Reform Law is enacted in Egypt and is celebrated as Peasants' Day.
1965 – The Chinese government decides to grant the Tibet region the right to self-government, in an effort to suppress the separatist movement there.
1973 – Cuba breaks off diplomatic relations with Israel.
1976 – Palestine joins the League of Arab States after agreeing to consider the Palestine Liberation Organization as the legitimate representative of the Palestinian people.
1984 – The Mediterranean Conference approves an Egyptian plan to consider the Mediterranean a nuclear-free zone.
1991 – Tajikistan declares independence from the Soviet Union.
1999 – Announcement of the creation of the African Union in the Libyan city of Sirte.
2008 – Asif Ali Zardari is sworn in as President of Pakistan.
2009 – Dubai Emirate Ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum inaugurates the Dubai Metro, the first metro in the Persian Gulf region.
2012 – A series of bombings hit several areas of Iraq, killing and injuring many people.
2013 – The Van Gogh Museum finally confirms that Vincent van Gogh's painting Sunset at Montmagour is authentic.
2014 – The Dengue movement demonstrates in several Egyptian cities to protest poor living conditions and the arrest of 60 of its members.
✴️ 9 protesters were killed during Houthi group demonstrations in the Yemeni capital, Sanaa.
2015 – Queen Elizabeth II breaks a record by ascending to the British throne for a period of 63 years, 7 months and 3 days.
2016 – North Korea conducts its fifth nuclear test, considered the largest to date.
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Births:
384 – Honorius, Roman emperor.
1585 – Cardinal Richelieu, French Christian cleric and politician.
1737 – Luigi Galvani, Italian physician and anatomist.
1828 – Leo Tolstoy, Russian writer.
1877 – Ahmed Al-Haiba, Moroccan jurist and mujahid.
1900 – James Hilton, English novelist.
1922 – Hans Demelt, American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989.
1923 – Carlton Gaydushek, American physician who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1976.
1926 – Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Islamic thinker and one of the most prominent members of the Muslim Brotherhood.
1928 – Ahmed Al-Tayeb Al-Alj, Moroccan actor.
1931 – Abu Al-Futouh Amara, Egyptian actor.
1939 – Anam Salousa, Egyptian actress.
1944 – Abdullah Sedran, Bosnian poet and screenwriter.
1949 – Susilo Panbang Yudhoyono, President of Indonesia.
1959 – Eric Serra, French composer.
1960 – Hugh Grant, British actor.
1963 – Roberto Donadoni, Italian footballer and coach.
1966 – Adam Sandler, American actor.
1967 – Akshay Kumar, Indian actor.
1969 – Lisa Lloyd, Canadian singer and voice actress.
1976 – Masaya Matsukaze, Japanese voice actor.
** Emma de Caunes, French actress.
** Juan Alfonso Baptista, Venezuelan actor.
1980 – Michelle Williams, American actress.
1982 – Abdullah Al-Zaid, Kuwaiti actor and singer.
** Ryoko Shiraishi, Japanese actress.
1984 – Jawad Aqdar, Moroccan footballer.
1985 – Ahmed bin Fahd bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi prince.
** Luka Modric, Croatian footballer.
1986 – George Tawil, Syrian singer and voice actor.
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Death:
1087 – King William I, King of England.
1513 – King James IV, King of Scots.
1569 – Pieter Brueghel the Firstborn, Dutch painter.
1834 – James Waddell, English explorer.
1941 – Hans Spemann, German physician who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1935.
1976 – Mao Zedong, leader of the Chinese Communist Party.
1985 – Paul John Florey, American chemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1974.
1978 – Mohammed bin Hassan Ouazzani, Moroccan politician and journalist.
1990 – Alexander Min, Russian writer.
1995 – Mohamed Hajj Salam Ameziane, Moroccan politician.
2001 – Ahmed Shah Massoud, Afghan fighter.
2006 – Malika Mostadraf, Moroccan writer and novelist.
2011 – Khairy Shalabi, Egyptian writer and novelist.
2016 – Abdel Hakim Abdel Latif, Sheikh of all Egyptian reciters.
2021 – Burhan Alawiya, Lebanese director.
2022 – Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom.
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Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ World First Aid Day.
⬅️ Independence Day in Tajikistan.
⬅️ Republic Day in North Korea.
⬅️ Farmers' Day in Egypt.
