The importance of the application of knowledge economy systems in Sudan ✍️ Professor: Fikri Kabbashi, Al-Amin Al-Arabi
The “knowledge economy” appeared during three transformations which characterized the development of human societies, from agricultural society to industrial society, to arrive at the knowledge society. This can be explained as follows:
The first transformation: agrarian society “This revolution first began on the banks of the great rivers of the region near the equatorial region, the Nile, the Tigris and the Euphrates, where the soil is fertile.
The second transformation: industrial society or “engineered economy”. The process of transition from first to second processing (from agriculture to industry) is due to several reasons, the most important of which is population inflation in populated areas. limited natural resources and their inability to provide sufficient quantities of basic necessities, as well as the extreme differentiation of populated areas in terms of available natural advantages as well as the emergence of many new sources of energy.
It was necessary to resort to the manufacturing process rather than agricultural and fishing operations, which is why the machine was used, because the machine is the foundation of the factory and the factory is the pillar of the industry.
The third transformation: the knowledge society or “knowledge economy”. World War II represented the third turning point, represented by the scientific or cognitive revolution. One of the most important features of this transformation is the work aimed at transforming knowledge into a productive force and reducing the gap between the birth of the invention and its application in the field. It was only five years after the discovery of the transistor that it became widely used. used industrially In this context, Daniel Bell wrote in 1967: The average time between the discovery of a new technological innovation and the realization of its commercial potential was thirty years between 1880 and 1919, then it decreased to 16 years between 1919 and 1945, then 9 years. The more the years pass, the more the period between… Innovation and transformation towards a scientific and technical mode of production, from the stage of individual creativity to collective production. during the 20th century, which means that during the first and second transformations, individuals were the basis of invention and innovation, while during the third transformation, institutions and universities… etc. . have become leaders in the production of innovative and technological industries. names have been used to refer to the knowledge economy, such as information economy, Internet economy, digital economy and electronic economy. All these names refer in their entirety to the knowledge economy.
If we try to project the question onto Sudan, which is essentially an agricultural society, as traces have been found indicating that Sudanese society has known about agriculture since time immemorial, this can extend to prehistoric times. Then the transition to an industrial society began, and. the process of transition from agriculture to industry has been taking place in Sudan since the early sixties and into the seventies, when considered to have started very early compared to neighboring countries like the state of Ethiopia, who began to feel the We have in Sudan many models, for example, but not limited to, such as the export of painted leather, as well as shoe manufacturing as a business (the famous Bata, which covered local production, and there is a surplus, as well as the cotton industry in the form of thread, and the spinning and weaving factories owned by entrepreneur Khalil Othman. Even the cotton industry bears witness to this. ready-made garments (Salwa Boutique), ornamental grains industry and ornamental grains industry many other industries which flourished in the early days may have gone a step ahead of many neighboring countries of the. region in the Arab and African context, and Sudan was expected, by virtue of its historical development, to be the leader in the knowledge economy due to its long history. history of universities and research institutions, particularly in the field of agricultural research. It seems that the crisis of the closure of the northern road has caused the biggest surprise as most Sudanese exports are raw materials in their primary form, such as leather, wheat grains and cotton, I believe that this issue requires a pause in research to find out the obstacles that have led to the stopping and delay of the wheel of industry, as well as to address the issue of export promotion and development or development industrial production of all agricultural products with a view to self-sufficiency and preparation of production specifically intended for export, provided that all this is achieved by means of solid scientific studies carried out by competent university researchers, and that the power executive recognizes that the distancing of research institutions from universities and the work of science on development represents a clear and obvious result for which it is not necessary to make much effort to discover the reasons.
Teacher: Fikri Kabbashi, Al-Amin Al-Arabi
May 28, 2024 AD.
