It happened on this day, August 25th.
Events:
1248 – A French campaign led by King Louis IX leaves France to the east. This campaign is known as the Seventh Crusade and its goal is to retake Jerusalem from the Muslims.
1768 – English explorer James Cook makes his first sea voyage.
1814 – The British army burns the American capital, Washington, D.C., and the presidential residence, the White House, after occupying it.
1825 – Independence of Uruguay from Brazil.
1830 – Start of the Belgian Revolution.
1933 – Signing of the “Haavra Agreement” between the Jewish Agency and Nazi Germany, stipulating the facilitation of the movement of Jews to Palestine on the condition that they cede their property to Germany.
1941 – British and Soviet forces enter Iran and establish a regime that cooperates with them to prevent Nazi armies from entering.
1944 – Liberation of Paris from Nazism and start of the Second World War.
1959 – The execution of officer Nafi Daoud by Abdul Karim Qasim after the Shawwaf Revolution in Mosul.
1983 – Bombing of the headquarters of French military units in Lebanon, killing several people.
1991 – Belarus declares independence from the Soviet Union. Linus Torvalds announces his intention to produce a free software operating system, by which he meant Linux.
✴️ Yugoslav forces and Croatian gangs declare war on Croatia and begin attacking the city of Vukovar in the Battle of Vukovar.
2014 – Misfire wins five Emmy Awards at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards.
2017 – At least 28 people were killed in riots in Haryana state, India, after Sikh leader Gurmeet Ram Rahim Singh was convicted of rape.
2020 – The African Regional Certification Commission, affiliated with the World Health Organization, announces the completion of polio eradication in Africa.
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Births:
1530 – Tsar Ivan IV, Tsar of Tsarist Russia.
1719 – Charles Imédée Philippe van Loo, French painter.
1841 – Theodor Kocher, Swiss physician who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1909.
1850 – Charles Riche, French physician who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1913.
1900 – Hans Krebs, British physician and biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1953.
1902 – Abu Al-Hasan Al-Sadr, Iraqi Muslim scholar and poet.
1912 – Erich Honecker, President of the German Democratic Republic.
1916 – Frederick Robbins, American physician who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1954.
1930 – Sean Connery, Scottish actor.
1932 – Mahmoud Diab, Egyptian writer.
1933 – Tom Skerritt, American actor.
** William Al-Khazen, Lebanese short story writer, academic and literary critic.
1941 – Angelo Domenghini, Italian footballer.
** Ali Ashraf Darvishian, Iranian novelist and short story writer.
(1945-NabilKhaledEgyptian writer
1949 – Medhat El Sebaei, Egyptian film director.
** Martin Amis, British novelist.
1956 – Tawfiq Abdel Hamid, Egyptian actor.
1958 – Tim Burton, American film director, screenwriter and producer.
1961 – Billy Ray Cyrus, American singer.
1963 – Yoshihiro Ikee, Japanese composer.
1969 – Marwan Abboud, Lebanese politician, lecturer and judge.
1979 – Hussein Al Jasmi, Emirati singer.
** Marlon Harwood, English footballer.
1981 – Rachel Bilsen, American actress.
1987 – Blake Lively, American actress.
1994 – Josh Fletter, American actor.
1998 – Abraham Matthew, Spanish singer.
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Death:
79 – Pliny the Elder, Roman writer and author.
1270 – Louis IX, King of France.
1482 – Queen Margaret, wife of Henry VI of England.
1819 – James Watt, Scottish scientist.
1822 – William Herschel, astronomer discovers the planet Uranus.
1823 – Jaafar Abu Al-Makarem, Saudi jurist and poet.
1867 – Michael Faraday, English scientist.
1900 – Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher.
1908 – Henri Becquerel, French physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903.
1942 – George, Duke of Kent, fourth son of King George V and Queen Mary of Teck.
1953 – Mansour Abdel Samad, Lebanese politician, governor and Ottoman governor, and deputy of Jabal al-Druze State.
1959 – Nafi Daoud, Iraqi soldier.
1960 – Ali Maher Pasha, Egyptian politician who served four times as Prime Minister of Egypt.
1967 – Paul Muni, American actor.
1969 – Harry Hammond Hess, American geologist considered one of the founders of the theory of plate tectonics.
1973 – Mahmoud Taymour, Egyptian writer.
** Abdul Hadi Al-Jawahiri, Iraqi writer, journalist and poet.
1976 – Eivind Jönsson, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize for Literature in 1974.
1985 – Adnan Ali Khaled, Palestinian-Jordanian writer and poet.
2001 – Aaliyah, American singer.
2006 – John Blankenstein, Dutch football referee.
2008 – Randa Al-Chahal, Lebanese director.
2009 – Edward Kennedy, American politician.
2011 – Eugene Nyida, American translator and linguist.
2012 – Subhi Al-Rifai, Syrian actor.
** Neil Armstrong, American astronaut and first person to walk on the Moon.
2018 – John McCain, senator and 2008 presidential candidate.
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Public holidays and occasions:
⬅️ National holiday in Uruguay.
